Properties of Metals Nonmetals and Metalloids

in this video we're going to look at the properties of metals non-metals and metalloids let's first take look at their appearance when you look at metal you've probably noticed that they reflect light lot so they're very shiny this means that they have metallic luster to them now if we look at some of the non-metals like carbon here it has very dull color to it so there isn't much light shining off it or if we look at sulfur you can see it's very colorful and then there are bunch of gases Like Oxygen that are completely colorless to summarize metals are very shiny and have metallic luster to them whereas non-metals are dull colorless or colorful now let's take look at their conductivity here we have circuit set up where if you connect the wires the light bulb will turn on so we're going to take metal and place it in between it and as you can see it still turns on with the metal because electricity can flow through the metal metal so here's some copper testing it again and the light bulb turns on now if we take some non-metals like sulfur the light won't turn on because electricity can't flow through it same thing here with carbon in addition to being good conductors of electricity metals are also good conductors of heat so that's why pans are made out of metal here's thermal video showing how as you heat the bottom the pan it heats up pretty quickly but it also goes around and heats up the sides of it since heat can easily flow through the metal so metals are good conductors of both heat and electricity whereas non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity now let's take look at what happens when you hit them with hammer now when you take piece of metal and hit it with hammer you notice it doesn't break in fact if you keep hitting it it just gets flatter and flatter that means it's malleable so metals are malleable which means they flatten when they're hit in addition to being malleable they're also very ductile which means they can be drawn into thin wires which is very useful for everyday Electronics now if we try to hit non-metal with hammer as you can see it easily breaks into many pieces this means that they're very brittle so non-metals are brittle because they break when they're hit so metals are very malleable which means they can be flattened when hammered or they can also be drawn into wire which means they're ductal whereas non-metals are very brittle they break when hit with hammer now let's take look at their melting point on the left we have metal aluminum and on the right we have sulfur and we're going to heat them up with blowtorch here and see if they melt so as you can see already the sulfur on the right is turning into liquid whereas on the left the metal has not even begun to melt so metals have very high melting points whereas non-metals have low melting points finally let's look at which state of matter they found in at room temperature if we take look at titanium silver copper gold or almost any other metal on the periodic table they're all solids there are two really neat exceptions though both gallium and Mercury are liquids at room temperature so liquid mercury is commonly found in thermometers and it's very useful for its expansion and contraction properties but it's very toxic so you never want to actually hold it or touch it on the other hand gallium is also liquid at room temperature this one is not toxic and you can actually hold it and melt it in your hand so it's kind of neat metal to explore or play around with now if we take look at the non-metals many of them are actually gases at room temperature such as hydrogen helium nitrogen oxygen Florine neon chlorine argon Krypton Xenon and Ron one of them is liquid bromine and then the remaining are solids so for Metals they're almost all solids at room temperature whereas it's little different for non-metals but often times they're gases at room temperature the last category of elements we haven't talked about yet are the metalloids metalloids are group of elements with properties that bridge the characteristics of metals and non-metals they are typically found along the staircase on the periodic table displaying features such as semiconductivity varying electrical conductivity and sometimes metall likee luster metalloids exhibit versatility in their applications from serving as crucial semiconductors and electronic devices like computers and smartphones to enhancing the properties of Alloys and glass making additionally metalloids play roles in catalysts renewable energy through photovoltaic cells and even traditional medicine despite their diverse application metalloids are distinguished by their unique ability to adapt and contribute across wide range of Industries making them indispensable elements in modern technology and innovation in conclusion our exploration of the properties of metals non-metals and metalloids reveals incredible diversity and utility of elements in our world from conducting electricity to forming strong Alloys and serving as essential semiconductors these elements shape technology industry and our daily lives as we continue to delve into the mysteries of the periodic table let's embrace the endless opportunities for Discovery and Innovation it offers stay curious and keep exploring the fascinating world of science