SBI 3 U Final Lesson Full Practice Exam and Solutions Grade 11 Biology

All right. it's it's biology time. if you want to follow along, go ahead and actually no, go ahead and try this exam on your own first. It is very well-made exam. note that acknowledge that everything in this video and every question in here is made by Rosedale Academy. It's great school and it's this is think very well final exam if you have decided to self-study the course. Anyways, without much to do, let's go ahead and start. So question. So obviously we're going to start with the multiple choice. Which row in the table contains the two organisms that are most closely related? So go ahead and see this. Row has Phelis Dominiscus and Miltus Methodist. don't want to read their name, but clearly they're different. And they're clearly different. they have Okay, they're little similar. They have the same genus canis. they're not related at all. not really. not really. So we can go ahead is the answer. Which statement about vascular plants is false? So we look at it. Most vascular plants have true roots, stems and leaves. Okay, that is correct. The sporopy is the most is the dominant generation for vascular plants. That's correct. We look at All vascular plants produce seeds for production. That is actually not true because ferns are vascular plants and they reproduce by spores which is not seeds. Which term describes variety of internal and external forms in living organisms? Ecosystem diversity definitely not true. Structural. It could be. But we could look at the other answers. Genetic, okay, definitely not. Species, no. Biological, no. So, we go back and select that structural diversity was correct. Which would least likely be used to determine how closely two organisms are related? Anatomical evidence using fossils. think okay, it's pretty good. developing scientific model using biodiversity data. Not really. Anatomical evidence from living species also technique that we're still using. Physiological evidence such as protein structure which is still tech which is also technic that we're using. DNA evidence from living data organisms that we're still using. So is the only answer that we're actually not using right now. Therefore is our best answer. Men's law of dominance states that so in an organism there's going to be hetererozygous and hetererozygous trait and only one of the two alals is expressed. So this is the definition of men's law of dominance. Therefore that answer is due to similar behaviors of genes and chromosomes we can conclude that genes and chromosomes perform similar functions. chromosomes pair separate during meiosis. genes linked on the same chromosome are sometimes separated and genes are located on the chromosomes and eat none of the above. So to we can best conclude actually that is correct that genes are located on the chromosomes. This is not true. This has nothing to do with it. So is the best answer. The genotype describes what? So out of the four answers we look at it we see genotype describes the combination of two or more alals because it definitely doesn't describe the physical physical appearance of an organ phenotype one al of gene not true so it's only the combination of two codons of the gene this is great DNA by the way so once we have found that one of them is not true is automatically discarded non-isjunction results in failure to prod protein Not true. missing organism misses or missing chromosome in gap. That's correct. So is our answer. On which unit does natural selection work directly? The individual, the cell, the population, the species or the gene. So natural selection doesn't affect the cell. It doesn't affect the species. It affect one singular thing and that means it affects the individual which is Which of the following factors is most likely to gene flow to contribute to gene flow between populations? Random mating. Not really because random mating could be within population. Migration that is definitely correct because what once somebody moves and migrates to another population, there's definitely going to be cheap food. All right. Darwin proposed the natural selection occur environment by favor inheritable features that make the organism better suited to survive and reproduce. That's correct. Darwin's law. This is literal war concept is to survive and reproduce and be the fittest. Fittest means having the most grandchildren. Which one of the following is not mechanism of natural evolutionary change? mutation? It definitely is. migration, genetic drift, non random mating and artificial selection. So all of these above they are natural they're completely pure natural they can happen in the nature while is basically human erupted. So is our correct answer here. is not mechanism of natural evolutionary change. Which organ do plants rely on for photosynthesis? We know that's chloropl. we know that's chloro the chlorophyll pigments inside of chloroplast. So went for chlorophyll right away because didn't see chloroplast which think lot of lot of people made mistaken on but chloroplast is actually the the the organel chlorophyll pigment is actually part of the chloroplast. So to be more generic the best answer here is chloroplast which is The fum is vascular tissue that consists of dead tubular cells. Not true. transports sugar from the leaves to open parts of the plant. That is correct. So our correct answer is 15. Which of these structures is outcome production in angular sperm? So flower not true. apple pollen and sperm sperm. My god spermatite spermatite and seed. So see is our answer here because it's not flower not pollen it's not that's for flowers produce pollen and apple is fruit and this this is not even this is not any close to structure one thing that does not occur during inspiration is so if you want to do this you can have moment and breathe to see what's going to happen just breath so the intercostal muscles of the rib cage contract that is correct It doesn't occur. The rib cage is arises. Yeah. The rib cage extends out the body. That's right. You're inspiring. Diaphragm relaxes. That's not true. When you breathe in, the diagram actually tends up and pulls it out. Anyways, the surface area of the small intestine greatly increased by the VI. We're done. no. We still have information. Although the stomach is normally thought of as the major organ in the digestive process, most chemically digested actually occur in theum which is part of the small intestine which deem is our correct answer. The trachea connects larynx to the lower passage of the respiratory system. The trachea is lock located at the front of the neck and is composed of cartilagages and ligaments. Complete the following statements by choosing the correct pair of terms below. The trachea branches into two smaller passages called Bron broncus actually and then bronchus in turn enters into the left and right lungs. So is our answer. Complete the following statement by choosing the correct pair below. The blood in the capillaries has an concentration of CO2 relative to the alvoli because it is body tissues. Okay. Okay. So there's supposed to be space of something here because it is going back or going to or blah blah blah. Anyways, so we know that the blood in the capillaries has higher concentration of CO2 relative to avoli because the CO2 is coming from from body tissues and it's going to we have to brief it up. So is our correct answer. It's returning from body tissues. thinking. You have designed an experiment to show that mo that mold spores land on favorable surface will germinate and produce hy. You've placed few slices of bread on plate for several hours and sealed them into plastic bags and put bags in the dark. Complete the procedure for the experiment. How long would you have to wait before you check the bread? How long would you look for? Would you check both slices at the same time? Data you collect? Create data view showing results from your pieces. The slide the condition were not adequate to support the growth mode be the condition were adequate to support growth. So this is very similar to an actual lab which something well okay guess some people only give some but still really gets ahead want you to do 11 because they think they're okay they don't think they are private school and they they're really advanced. Anyways let's start. So procedure so after sealing the seal sealing the bread in the plastic bag. will have to observe the bread slices periodically for size grow. will check the bread after 3 to 5 days as most spores typically take this long to germinate and produce visible growth under favorable conditions. So what do look? So will look for fuzzy or discolored patches that will usually appear in white or black and I'll check both slices at both time at at the same time to compare them under identical conditions. What data would collect? Well, would report the presence or absence of both obviously the color and the approximate well guess could measure out the area of the breast service covered and the data first. So data table could actually go ahead and just make one up right now because we're not actually lab some teachers make their students do the lab and actually observe it on the on test day. think that's really cool. But anyways, so you would have this this whole they had data table and you were like yeah yes this conditions were adequate conditions not adequate present yes no color mode coverage days observed or five whatever anyways sometimes we're able to tell the genotype organiz plants for example round seed are dominant over wrinkle seed for which plants carry various combination of these traits to tell the genotype observation alone. So right here we can directly tell the ring if you have wrinkle seeds since they are they're recessive to have wrinkle scene you must have two Rs. So definitely whenever we see wrinkle seed okay we know that we can tell it genotype from it phenotype. However whenever we have round it can be either homozyg homozygate or hetereroygate. So it genotype cannot directly observe. Vendel worked out method for determining the genotype but he could not tell by just looking at alone was system he developed explain the genotypes to determine the system. So myth developed something test called the test cross it's it's not ethical to use on humans but it's most definitely ethical to use in plants cross the organism the dominant type phenotype that we know we know for sure or you could test it with the homozygous rec recessive individual. So if for example if we have dominant phenotype let's say big and no and we cross it with let's say homozygic recessive fully homozygous recessive. If all of the offsprings are round, the unknown parent is likely homozygous homozygous dominant because there's well guess there is possibility that it's always going to pass big However, that is really really really low. But if there's one to one ratio round to wrinkle then the parent is hetererozygate of what is this hetererozygate shape frown and hind wings similar in size and shape and folded arrow to the body without rest selfies one behind wings wider than front wings extend on either side of the body when rest and are dragon. Use the dichomus key to answer questions. Identify the organism shown in the diagram. Explain how did this. no, don't think we can. Yeah, let's skip this one. The malian respiratory systems is sometimes described as negative pressure. The for frogs on the other hand uses positive pressure. So what do these terms refer to? design an experiment that will test which system is more efficient at delivering production environment to the so for mammals it's that when we contract when our when we breathe in so when our diaphragm inter when our diagram interact we actually we expand our cavity so this creates pressure lower than the outside pressure inside of the lungs so this causes the air to however the frog It lowers the floor of its mouth. It draws the air and then it closes his nose through and elevates the floor of it mouth. So by decreasing this value he's actually increasing the pressure. Therefore he he's forcing the air under positive pressure down into the lungs. So relative to the outset relative to the atmosphere pressure mammals we have lower atmosphere pressure and for frogs they have higher or positive they have positive pressure inside of their body. Therefore ramos it's negative pressure and frogs it's positive pressure. Let's go ahead and develop an experiment. So to start we must have make hypothesis will happen. either we can say negative pressure system is more efficient positive efficient. So I'm going to go ahead and say negative system is more efficient. Why? And how can determine this? Well first will have to use the seal containers. guess one will come contain some sort of mammal bomb and it's going to connected it's going to be connected to diaphragm and one with the frog and it's going to also connected to like pump. So I'll use gas sensor to me measure the concentration each of the chamber at the start. I'll activate the models like lowering the diaphragm or operate the pump. So basically frogs uses pump. So operate this fake pump that developed. So would give them set number of So basically would do like 20 breaths or 30 seconds something like that. So make sure they're running for the same time. Then will measure final oxygen concentration in chambers and the system that results that has lower final oxygen concentration means that it has extracted oxygen. So by the more oxygen it uses means that it has greater efficiency. So we have to control them. There's few control variables that we have to have to have to make sure it's correct. So we have to ensure the initial concentration is equal. Make sure the volume is equal, breath is identical or the number of seconds that we run is identical. Yeah, there are few things to watch for. This is 10 mark question. So really have to mention all control variables. Now let's get to application. The heterotrophic protest 18 behaves like predator in just green algae. guess once ingested uses flesia fleella cytokeleton now host to photosynthetic nutrition apparatus explain how this behavior biosis evolution few points that they want you to hit here the bio But anyways, so this is this behavior is basically modernology. It's also an enlarged version. But back in the days that single cell organism ate another single or magically smaller like look just got ingested but this guy could protect me. So I'll betray you can protect me and I'll give you energy. So becomes mitochondria or something. Anyways, this theory proposes that carotic proarotic cells with larger heterotrophic procar gossynthetic procar but didn't digest. The smaller cells then became so what we call an endos biote which eventually evolved into an organ like chloroplast mitochondria. So similarly in our case the hatena eats the ela which then loses it independent instructions and becomes permanent integrated photosynthetic for the host. So this changes the host's entire fundamental body just as the first chloroplast changed the fate of whatever ukarotic cells ate it. It now became the only the only organism really to be able to photosynthesize. That is very big thing because that is what made human lives possible. Now let's go to the next question. certain breed of cattle could be particular genet. So the power former should always always always cross between cattle. So this cross is offspring with the genotype ratio sorry one homozygous dominant which is good and two heterosygans which is also good meat and we unfortunately have to kill one. So this strategy ensures that two at least two3 of the viable offspring will produce the best and lethal genius. It's predictable and it's manageable cross. So know that whenever we cross two homy together can't actually do that. So you can come here and tell me I'm going to cross to big big homozygous another with recessive homozyg who little be has already died how we're going to cross it right so this is actually so cross two head heroes could this is actually the best way to manage it anyways go ahead and do the rocky mountains used to be so much higher than they are today. Over time, the mountains have changed. They have been roed by weather and are not as tall as they used to be. This is an example of evolution. It's playing your answer with the definition of evolution your own world. So, unfortunately, no. This is not evolution because first of all, get it that people see plants as life, but mountains is it's not really life. It can't evolve and adapt. Mountains is made out of rocks. Unfortunately, rocks do not have any sign of life. synthesis can't breathe or whatever. Anyways, so evolution in my opinion is usually defined as change in the heritable genetics traits of population of organisms over multiple generations could be tens, hundreds, billions, millions. The erosion of rocky mountains is it's geological process. It evolves physical and chemical weathering of the rock, but it doesn't involves it doesn't invol change the genetic makeup of of the rock if if the rock even had genetic makeup in the first place. So, no, this is not real example of evolution. Number 25, 28. 55year-old male has persistent cough that produces mucus. He state that he is exposed to airborne irritants including high concentration dust in the workplace. She has worked at the same place for about 10 years. Wow. Which respiratory disorder is this person suffering from? Likely said more than one possibility based on the given information. So we learned this this person is likely suffering from chronic bronchitis or bronchitis. This is charact characterized by persistent mucus producing cuff producing cuff lasting for months and years. It's it's caused mainly by long-term exposure to irritants like dust or if he this guy is heavy smoker. yes, there's most definitely more than one possibility. Whenever you look at this look at these type of questions, they're like, "Okay, make proof pretend like your doctor house and diagnose the patient and you're like, yeah, most definitely." no. Most most of the time there's most definitely more than one possibility because when you look at one thing that you look at they gave you like they gave you one symptom and one one key fact here. This is this is most most definitely not enough to determine. So all right the video cut off. So there's most definitely more than one possibility. Right now when we look at this this could also indicate asthma. potentially occasional asthma triggered by irritants or the COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease which also actually includes chronic bronchitis. Further tests like testing for lung capacity would pretty much be needed for def definitive diagnosis. Anyways, let's go ahead and do this. The drooping bell-shaped flowers of Canadian combine whatever that is are adapted for crosspollination. However, if it's if the flower has not been pollinated previously, self-pollination can occur. Crosspollination occurs after self-pollination is already taking place. The poll crosspollination reaches the base of the ST before the poll self-pollination. Explain how this adaptation for production reproduction benefits the plants. So basically this this this adaptation ensures that genetic diversity will will happen while it also guarantees reproduction. So the self-pollination here actually acts like safe plan or like plan So if the pri if cross-pollination fails the plants will still reproduce. However, by having the pollen from crosspollination fertilize it first, the plant basically give prioritization to the genetically diverse poland. So this will maximize the chance of being fit by promoting outbreeding while it will also combine beneficial alals from different parents and reduce the negative effects of inbreeding. However, if this doesn't work, it will still make sure that it's still alive. It has children, so it's still fit, guess, in sort of way. Now, let's move on to communication questions. Being overweight is huge concern for many North Americans. yeah, the weight loss consultant claims that the problem can be easily solved by surgically removing the section of obese people's digestive systems. You wish to demonstrate to your friends that such solution could dangerous. Prepare chart and list five components of human digestive system in one column and the consequences of part and the entire component in the second column. So, I'm gonna pick five parts first. So, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, liver, you go ahead and pick rectang don't don't think it don't think that really works. Anyways, to remove the stomach, you're going to have reduced capacity and you're going to have downp syndrome. So, basically something, it's probably going to take you like an hour, maybe two hour to get it out. If we remove part of it, if we remove the complete stomach, that is not good. We're not this person is going to be not going to be able to live in life without like medical intervention. There's literally no sight for protein digestion or control controlled nutrient delivery to intestines. So this guy, he has to be on pills and probably be on needle and medical bed all day long, all lifelong. Now my second part is stomp small intestine. So if we remove part of it we are losing lot of absorption of nutrients and this likely leads to vitamin deficiencies huge and mean gen like like gigantic amount of weight loss which guess is it works but if specifically we remove part of section then we will probably lose like one part of nutrient digestion. For example, if we lose like alum, this will remove B12 absorption. But if we remove like part ofum, they will lose like more protein absorption. If we lose, if we completely cut this moni inject the patient with nutrients every single 10 to 15 minutes to make sure that the ch the patient still still survives. large intestine for removal part of reduced water absorption. This can lead to diarrhea and when you're doing heavy exercise could lead to electrolyte imbalance. If you remove the all of it watery diarrhea and significant electrolyte loss could happen very chronic. It's not as not as bad as the previous two but it's still very bad. Four is pancreas. So reduce production of digestive enzymes. So this means we can't absorb fats because it's whole purpose is to produce produce and break down fats. So by removing part of it we're reducing our absorption of fats and if we remove the entire pancreas we're going to lose we're going to also have guess severe malnutrition. So this is kind of similar to stomach. This is due to the lack of digestive enzymes and we're going to have diabetes because we don't have insulin. liver liver can regenerate actually. So partial remover of liver is it's always tolerable but know when say this but you can actually sell okay no actually never mind don't actually know you could sell part of your liver and eventually it it's going to grow back I'm not encouraging this but don't think you should do it but yeah partial remover of the liver is actually beneficial but don't really see how it actually reaches the goal of these these people trying to lose some weight. Anyways, if we remove the entire thing of it, unfortunately, we don't we can't regenerate. not how it works. So, liver failure, this is fatal without transplant. We don't have liver. Uh-uh. Not good. So, liver is essential for protein synthesis, detoxification, and metabolism. Remove it. Uhuh. You're dead. Anyways, let's move on to the last question. Let's draw vin diagram showing the similarities between the vascular system and the circulatory system of animals in the animals. So let's go ahead and start. So for plants it transports water, minerals and sugar. So it's only for water. It's only for plants because apparently well not apparently we know that circulatory system is mainly of blood. There's no way you're going to transfer water through blood. So that's not how it works. plant vascular systems they're composed of non-living tissues. So xyllem vessels are basically dead and maturity and they're driven by passive forces and active transport. So passive forces like transpiration transpiration pressure and yeah animal circulatory system transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and wastes in and it also includes central pump which the plant doesn't have which is our heart by the way. it also contain plants that self cells plant cell sorry it contains cells that fight diseases which is our white blood cells and that is three three already and now let's talk about the similarities. So both systems are tubes that transport essential substances throughout the organisms. So in blood we have blood vessels and in plants we have the vess the the the tubes really the xyllem and the foam and both are crucial for distributing nutrients and ways maintaining homeostasis. And that is pretty much it. That is all the questions in the grade 11 bio biology final exam. Yeah. So probably earned 100 and hope all of you guys get an 100 on your exam as well. Anyways, good luck people.