تعلم كيفية الرسم الجزء الثاني هل يمكنك رسم أشكال ثلاثية الأبعاد بسيطة

hi and welcome back I'm Emily from the pencil room online and this is the second in series of free learn to draw classes for beginners if you've already watched the first class you'll know that we looked at just drawing different types of lines how to draw straight lines curved lines and really what we were focusing on is using our hand in different way either using it from the wrist or using it from the elbow and just seeing what that felt like this week we're going to start sketching and we're going to start with basic shapes you've probably seen this in lot of learn to draw courses we start with cubes and cylinders and circles or spheres and you might be really Keen to get on to draw something realistic but this is really important class because when we're drawing anything we need to start with foundation sketch or something to put down on the paper first something to simplify what we're looking at and that's what we use these simple 3D shapes for so let's get started you're going to need pencil just an HB pencil is fine whatever you've got and maybe an eraser but again like last time we're going to try not to use it if we can help it to start with we want to be able to use our pencil in way to create light in loose line and instead of drawing one straight line like this we're going to move our hand across the page and we're just going to draw series of small light kind of feathery lines and the reason we use lines like this is it means they're easy to edit we can rub things out we can go over top of them darker if we need to so just have go at that you're using kind of this motion you can work from the wrist or if you're feeling confident you can work from the elbow you see my hand is moving across the page now and each line joins up with one before it now we're going to try and get straight line if you can I'm going to use my right hand just to show you what this might look like for you if you are just starting out and your your dominant hand is probably much more coordinated than my right hand see they sort of overlap it doesn't matter if you get these just joins here make sure you keeping the pressure fairly light on the paper then we're going to use that movement to just draw some simple squares so you can see I'm not drawing just one single straight line but I'm kind of carefully lining up series of straight lines that overlap each other and in working this way it's lot easier to get straight line if you try to draw something like this you might get straight line but sometimes you might not or it might be little bit wonky this is quite difficult to edit because it's so dark and hard if you drew keep drawing squares but if you drew something like like this or can just sketch the the correction over top and then it's easy to rub out those loose light lines there so draw some squares across your page trying to keep that freedom of movement and of course each side should be parallel to the other the top should be parallel to the bottom you can just try some bigger squares or rectangles there'll be direction that feels more comfortable for you whether it's working up or working down you might have discovered that from the last lesson you can turn your page around if you need to as well see that nice fresh straight line there yeah so what we're looking for is series of loose overlapping lines that you can easily correct by going over top and if this was an actual sketch that we're doing once you've done these nice loose lines and you've got everything you want in your drawing then you can go over top if you want to it might not suit the subject so we've done squares let's have go up doing some circles and do have video on how to draw us how to draw circles you might want to look at that and there's three different ways think in that video how to draw circles so if you're really struggling that would be video to go to but otherwise just have go using that same kind of movement nice and loose am moving from my elbow but you could be moving from your wrist if you're drawing quite small the problem is when you go bigger you really do have to work from your elbow because you just can't cover that that same amount of space just working from your wrist so it's good to practice both so same thing if something goes wrong so say I've got like this this little bump here or it's almost like an angle I've been using such light lines that can just pitch around and correct it and this starting point of drawing when you're doing this initial sketching it shouldn't be tidy imperfect well don't think it should be anyway so try not to be hard on yourself you know if it's looking really messy like this one's looking pretty messy when think about it but it's pretty good Circle you know it's round and it's what we want just like the other lessons this lesson we are going to do bit of practice and then I'm going to give you little assignment to do so you can practice in your own time as well you see them changing directions you could go back and forth so really try to discover what method works for you is it better for you to just use your wrist and do small circles or small marks like this at the moment can you you know do that first and then do larger curved marks around there to get something little bit more flowing maybe you can even do use the hula hoop method if you're just starting out it's pretty tricky usually swap to my right hand when I'm trying to see what it's like for for complete beginners it'll feel strange anyway and try different directions as well so we've done squares we've done circles but what's more useful than circle is in an ellipse or kind of like an oval so this sort of shape this is what you'll see at the top in the bottom of cylinders and this is where that hula hoop method is is most useful because you can very quickly draw some ellipses so I'd encourage you to try and practice that hula hoop method if you do find that really difficult then you can still use this sketching method figure out the placement of it first or the shape of it first and then go over top this hula hoop method probably one of the most valuable skills you can practice when you're beginning think it's just about getting rhythm going and these are all kind of the same relative proportions could do some that are more like closer to circle where could do something that are very very narrow so as we did in the last lesson want you to have look at what you've done really think about what's working for you what you might need to work on remember this is not judgment of whether it's good or bad it's just observations so what is working what do you maybe need to practice some more you could talk about you know how straight your lines are if you find that when you're moving in particular direction they go little bit crooked then either you avoid working in that direction or you need to practice working in that direction I'm actually pretty happy with with most of mine here this one here this was using the wrist and it looks bit forced it doesn't look natural like these other ones so these are all from the elbow elbow equals natural looking but you have look at your marks in and right down What You observe sometimes what find when I'm doing these lines is they all go in one kind of angle these are actually pretty straight this one's coming down little bit actually this one's coming down little bit as well so that's something to note just the natural way of moving and you can correct that something that you know makes sense to you just small observation there okay so we've drawn some squares and we've drawn some circles and some ellipses the squares are now going to become cubes they could be rectangle cubes or Square cubes and the ellipses are going to become cylinders and if you have look around you wherever you're sitting right now you should be able to find something that is cube shape or cylinder shape mean I'm sitting at table the top of this table is really long Cube shape I've got these cylinder shapes here that hold my pencils and my paint brushes basically everything around me is has some kind of cylinder or cube as part of it and so that's why it's the really important shapes to be able to draw I'm going to start with square and we're going to turn it into cube and all we're going to do is we're going to put an angle out here angle here now these angles have to be exactly the same and this one at the bottom here so they are parallel to each other and then we're going to draw line across the back which is parallel to the front line this one here is parallel to this back Edge so if it's looking little bit wonky mine actually is looking little bit wonky it's because it'll be because something is not parallel with its partner so we've got width these ones we've got height these ones and then we've got depth which is these two that go back or one two three actually go back into the distance this is the front of the Cube the top of the cube and the side of the cube and depending on where you are in position to whatever you're looking at you're going to be able to see more of the top or more of the side so if we take look at this Cube here when you're looking at it straight on you can only see the front but when it's say down on table which is where most people will be looking at things from you'll be able to see the top and you'll be able to see one side we're looking at it sort of like this at the moment we can see the top and we can see one side and we can also see the front we're just going to go across here and draw series of Cube shapes starting with the the very front shape it could be rectangle or square this one's square this one's rectangle and the angle is going back can go this way or they can go the opposite way and I'm sort of making mine guess about 45 degrees at the moment try different shapes keeping that nice loose sketching Mark where you're doing the line several times you could you could play around with changing the angle so say this one here can see more of the top looks like it's lot lower down and you can see more of the top than when it's higher up but for each one the lines need to be parallel all of the angles need to be parallel all of the straight lines need to be parallel with each other this one this one this one this one this one this one this one this one this one so they're not peers actually that the lines are in triplets three lines exactly the same angle three vertical lines and three horizontal lines and remember using these nice light sketching lines you can correct things so you know you do something that's little bit it's really wonky one something obviously wrong with that then you're going to go through and just draw over top you don't even need to rub anything out of this stage you might need to draw little bit darker because if you keep rubbing things out especially when you're starting you're not going to get anywhere you're just going to keep doing the same mistake over and over again at least when I've done this can see where need it to create it I've corrected it and then can rub things out you could draw it so you can see the bottom of the box as well I'm mostly just doing the top of the box because when we move on to drawing some objects most of the things that you'll be drawing will be on surface and you'll be able to see the top of them but sometimes you might only be able to see little bit at the top so our eye level is is closer to it we're looking at this from further down or lower down you can see I've only shown tiny bit at the top by changing the angle making the angle lot shallower so those are our cubes and you really need to practice those until you can draw them so that they they look like cubes they don't look wonky so you can get those lines parallel to each other in the first go might need some minor corrections but you know if you're really struggling with it and getting your head around it there's something that you definitely need to practice moving on to cylinders and we're going to use those nice loose ellipses moving from the elbow if you can I'm going to draw one ellipse and then we're going to draw another one beneath it and trying to get it exactly the same and if you if you want you can start with the sides first so I've created cylinder here so you could you know draw an ellipse create the sides and then draw the bottom ellips here whatever feels easier for you find it easier to do it this first way drawing the ellipse another ellipse you're trying to get it the same really making any corrections so that one went little bit too big we could do one with different angle of the opening so it's the same as the cubes and this one here you can see more of the top this one here you can see less at the top if we're looking at cylinder like this can here when we're higher above it we can see more of the top when it's closer to our eye line we can maybe only see you know sliver of the top part of it so let's do one where we can only just see the top really narrow narrow opening at the top surface at the top so this bottom edge here and this top Edge should be parallel so if you have two ellipses at different sizes they are not going to be parallel or they're different proportions so I'll give you an example of that say do quite an open one here and then very narrow one here it's going to look weird it doesn't work so we need to have the same proportions for each ellipse if you're correcting something just draw straight over top and then rub out the lines that you don't need so hopefully that made sense with the the cylinders you know how to draw cylinders if you're really struggling with that looser lips you can use our sketching marks might take little bit longer you might have to do some more corrections but you lose the freshness of that that Rhythm that you get it's actually find it little bit harder to do it this way because can't get each side exactly the same you see this one's this one's sharper this one's blunter whereas if I'm doing it like this it just sort of naturally evens out on each side so we've done cubes we've done cylinders and there's one other main shape that we're going to work with and that is cones and we're thinking about cones that have base to them as well it's very similar to cylinder but the two ellipses are going to be different sizes they're going to be the same proportions so the height versus the width will be the same the same kind the same type of shape guess there's one way of thinking about it you see the this one is smaller than this one but it's it's like I've just shrunk this one down haven't changed the shape of it and then we can join the two sides so again we don't want to have these two ellipses be different shapes so I'll show you what mean if we have quite an open ellipse and then we have very narrow ellipse that one actually doesn't look too bad but generally it won't work so let's do really narrow one here yeah there's something wrong with it because the the shapes aren't the same so let's do an upside down cone we're going to do an ellipse here try and get that same rhythm going but just on smaller scale ellipse at the top and then join them together we could do very narrow cone sometimes it helps to draw center line and then you know where the center of the top ellipse needs to be and let's draw one where we can you know it's very close to our eye level we can only just see the top of it so it's going to be very narrow ellipse on the bottom and very narrow ellipse on the top foreign make some corrections if you need to going over top okay there's one more shape that I'm going to show you these are the main ones but we're also going to have go at drawing dome shape sometimes it's useful for you know things like cups it's sort of nice Dome at the bottom and bowls things like that so we're going to start off the same way we did for the cylinders and the cones we're going to draw an ellipse and then we're just going to curve over the top here maybe you can get rhythm going like this as well that's an upside down one we'll do one that's open at the top little bit like bowl draw the ellipse might help to put line through the center if that helps you and then draw that Dome shape at the bottom you see tend to come down from each side come from this side down and then come down from this side just find it's easier to get them even than you're starting here and then coming up all the way to that side we'll do dome where we can't see much at the top let's do really wide Dome this is where you really got to work from That Elbow swinging that pencil around and very lightly until you hit the right rhythm so it's almost like you're you're just ghosting the line first trying it out and then once you get the right Rhythm you commit to it so we've done cubes we've done cylinders we've done cones and we've done domes have look at these think about where you might need to improve did you find the domes particularly difficult then maybe next time you're doing bit of practice you do page of don'ts and just get used to using those ellipses remember when you're correcting see if you can do it without erasing anything especially not erasing anything first if you make the corrections where you've still got those errors in there then you can you can see what you've done you can see we've made correction now that we've done those basic shapes I'm going to give you little project to do that you can practice in your own time just to really get the feel for drawing these shapes quickly and naturally when we're drawing from observation and we're using those simple shapes there's going to be some objects that are just one shape you know like the cube here like the can you know it's just cylinder but there are also going to be objects or subjects that are made up of bunch of shapes joined together and so that's what we're going to do for this assignment here we're simply going to take those four basic shapes we did the cube the cylinder the cone in the dome and we're going to start joining them together and you can join them together however you like so there's room for some creativity here so might start with Cube and then we're going to construct some other kind of object by joining another shape to it so might put cone on the top it doesn't have to be real real object it's just something that you're making up and then you could join as many shapes together as you want you might want to start with just two shapes so we could do cylinder we can put cone on the top of that we could put an upside down cone on the top of that one let's do something with dome shape so let's do say cylinder with dome shape on the top instead of cone foreign make sure these lines are parallel and then here's our Dome is going to go on the top here you could put any of these on top of cube if you want to so fill up your page constructing this odd little objects out of more than one simple shape if you've got good mind for 3D shapes you might be able to build you know structure that has maybe five or six different shapes that are all joined together or stacked on top of each other but if you're finding that little bit difficult just keep it to two shapes for each imaginary object that you draw if you are drawing stacks of objects like this it's usually best to keep all of your angles going in the same direction so you can see all of these angles are moving back into space in the same direction you can do them the opposite way but sometimes it gets little bit confusing one little bonus part to this lesson is to draw cube not facing the front but facing the corner and have couple of videos on one and two point perspective that might be useful for you as well but for now if you want to give this go we're going to just draw the corner of the Box first so this is the corner that's facing us here and then we're going to have an angle going up to one side angle going up to the other side and it's the same Principle as the the basic cubes we're doing the lines have to be parallel so when we add in this top part here this line has to be parallel to this one and this back edge here has to be parallel to that one there all these verticals are parallel so that's something you could try again you can think about well how much of the top surface can be seen maybe you can only see little bit of the top surface in which case the angles are going to be very slight and how much of each side can you see as well so we might be able to see more of this side less of this side and then when we draw in the top surface this back edge here needs to be parallel with this one tricky this one here in this back edge here needs to be parallel with this one sometimes it takes little bit of playing around until you get those angles right so that's another thing that you can have go at if you want to if you still feel like you're just trying to get your head around how to draw basic Cube where you can see the front of it like this then just stick with that for now but this is just little bit extra if you want to push yourself if anything looks wonky so say do this one like this it's very wonky the thing that will have gone wrong is you will have one angle or two angles that that aren't parallel so remember all of these verticals are the same all of the angles going this way the same and the angle is going this way should be the same so that one's not that one's almost horizontal because it needs to be the same as this so if you get stuck something doesn't look right just check your ankles make sure they're all the same you can do that with your pencil as well so you've got plenty to practice there have look see where your weaknesses are do you need to practice domes or cubes or cones or cylinders and just do as many pages as you want of those over and over again you can even do them over top if you don't want to waste paper just do them over top of the drawings that you've already done until that movement feels really natural and you can whip one up really quickly next lesson we're going to start actually looking at some objects and applying these shapes and then figuring out how do we make them look you know natural so not like these shapes that we've done here but how do we make them look like they're actual objects that we want to draw if you want to you can share your drawings with me and with everyone else just by going to my Facebook page the pencilroomonline.com and there will be post with this video and underneath that is where you can upload your pictures if you want to share them or if you want to see what other people are doing don't forget to hit the Subscribe button don't miss out on the next classes in the series of learn to draw classes for beginners keep practicing and hope you'll join me in the next lesson