Learn Arabic grammar to understand Quran Number العَدَد Singular Dual L 04 Part 1

assalamualaikum welcome to lesson quran easier than english lesson 4. the key outcome of this lesson is to look at one of the four properties of an ism which is number number we have also in english for example singular and plural in arabic we have singular dual and plural not only we will look at them insha allah but we'll also look at completing the muslim table which will illustrate the four properties of an ism for us and allow us to identify thousands and thousands of words in arabic which will conform to the 18 words in the muslim table again these 18 words we can simply add al to them and also to make them definite that will give us 36 word patterns so this is what we're covering in this lesson let's begin bismillah the number by now i'm sure you're completely familiar with this diagram in this diagram we're going to look we looked at the four properties of an ism today's focus of course is on the subject of number the subject of number and its three subcategories in arabic which are singular dual and plural now every ism has four properties definiteness gender number and era so again if you imagine in this diagram showed you earlier that there are four boxes in the first box you have to identify whether that ism is definite or not in the second one you identify whether you're going to treat that one masculine or feminine and then now we're going to look at how to identify whether we're going to treat that word as singular dual or plural in arabic of course era we've already introduced it in our first session al-mufrad the singular so far in our lessons we've only used singular words again there is there is no specific sign in arabic to identify whether that word is singular or plural there is no way of telling with 100 certainty whether this word is singular just by looking at the ending or the pattern of the word as you advance in your arabic studies inshallah you'll be able to recognize certain patterns and identify singular from that but generally speaking at starting level there is no specific sign of singular so here are some examples of singular words hua which means he i'm sure you know that by now is pronoun man now these are some common words we've already used quite few of them they're all single and of course there are hundreds and thousands of others the point being that there is no specific sign that we can say that this is singular or not the other important point which is again very important for arabic study we're going to use the singular form as our base form and inshallah i'll explain what mean by that in second so the singular form is going to be from which we will launch our dual and our plural so what you're going to do inshaallah is you get the vocabulary just to learn note down the singular words and of course the relevant plural words that you need for your quranic arabic study before we continue what i'd like you to do is redesign this table if you can using pencil and ruler or an on computer and you can print them out or photocopy them inshaallah as this template table is going to help us form hundreds and hundreds of words in arabic and you can practice them yourself and it will be great asset for you insha allah in the future we're looking at website where you can download the template but at the moment don't have that resource so i'm sharing this screen with you now you'll see them numbered you don't necessarily need to number them the reason put the numbers in just to illustrate for you how many words you're going to produce so in the first box on the top you will see 18 words and you'll see another 18 words in the second box below numbered one to nine you'll note here are your masculine number 10 to 18 again you note are your feminine words now in the first big box at the top i've got your definite words and in the second indefinite words and the second one i've got your definite words i'm sure by now you know what mean by that so it gives us 18. the first row is singular the second row is dual and the third row is plural going across and more importantly i'm sure by now you realize that the first column is your rougher status then your nasa then your jar again going across for the feminine also so this table will allow us to look at the four properties of an ism very beautifully laid out and i'm going to call this the muslim table because we're using the muslim word as our template so please design this table and use it before we continue inshaallah so in the first table let's look at what we've learned so far we have word muslim which means male muslim now if were to ask you what is the word muslim in rafa i'm sure by now hopefully instantly going to tell me muslim what is it in nasab musaliman what is it in jar muslim so we have the word muslim in three different arab rafa nasa and jar how to convert this word muslim to feminine i.e female muslim well again hope you can remember it is very simple step you put father on the last letter and add the tied or the round and then you have your feminine word so what is the most feminine for muslim muslim if you stop at that but of course we're going to read the ending so we'll be muslim in rafa what is it in nasa muslim and what is it in jar muslim so you've now produced six words just from the word muslim of course can give you any other word and you should be able to do the same so we have some examples of words at the bottom for example mushrik so you can take these one two three five words and make six words from each one so you can see how easy it is as long as you know how to do this inshallah it's relatively easy exercise we can also make these words definite how do we do that well we put al in front so if you take look at this now the second table at the bottom of your page will be the definite table so again in the rafa it will be al-muslimu in the nasa it will be al-muslima and in the jar it will be al-muslimi as far as the feminine is concerned exactly the same we put the al in front al-muslimatu al-muslimata so this is the culmination of what we have learned so far so we can make almost 6 plus 6 12 words from any word that give you if let you know that it forms conforms to the muslim pattern so they gain examples of these words so you can take these five words make 12. so 60 words you can produce alhamdulillah as far as the last lesson is concerned before we move over of course in this lesson we're going to be looking at completing the rest of the boxes that is the dual and the plural so we'll divide the lesson up the first of course just an introduction on the singulars then we're going to go to the dual then we will go to the plural before we move over to the duels let's do some little practice insha allah we've learned how to do this with the word muslim in this session what i'd like you to do quickly practice making some more words with two other words that i'm going to share with you so the first word is means believer please complete the first row masculine feminine in the three statuses for the word mu'min and in the second box want you to complete al-mu'min the believer again making six words you'll end up with 12 words of from the word mu min your next word to practice with is the word means teacher means third teacher you need to make it into feminine in the three statuses so fill up the first row and then of course fill up the first row on the second box below this will again give you 12 words from the word lim which means teacher they follow exactly the same pattern as the word muslim post the video complete the task before continuing even if you haven't been able to design the table you can just write it on two rows of words on your notebook so please do do the exercise if you haven't done it please write the answers down from the screen that you can see just pause the video and write them down they're going to help you tremendously in your arabic study you just need to trust me so please check the answers for the word min we have now alhamdulillah both tables complete the first two rows for you to note the answer here is the completed table for the word moi lim the first two rows completed for you please again check your answers if you made any mistake don't worry this is how to learn the more mistakes you make the quicker you're going to learn the most important thing is that you practice if you don't practice you're not going to learn so again practice making 12 words from the word mualim last task for you i'm not going to give you the answers what i'd like you to do please take note of these words and their meanings and again using notebook just simply write 12 forms of each of these words from what we've done with the other two words again this will help you tremendously at least you'll start you writing arabic as well as recognizing patterns of words so in conclusion brothers and sisters we have no way of telling whether word is singular or not simply what we need to do is look up the meaning when it comes to quranic arabic study is so easy because you can easily look up the meaning of quranic word because there's so many translations alhamdulillah are available in the english there are many websites where you can see word-for-word translations also so very very easy task we simply look up the meaning and see if the word is singular or not so please note that no specific sign most important thing why went through this slowly is to make you realize that we can use the singular to form the other forms duels and plurals which we're going to look into next so singular words we're just going to memorize them by using them in our everyday arabic as well as of course seeing them in the quran and getting familiar with the vocabulary as we read more and more text of quran the duel alhamdulillah the dual in arabic is one of the easiest things to learn there are only two possible endings with dual ism either it will end with ani or it will end with ini ani when it is rapha for example muslimani for nasa it will have the same ending and that's it so whenever you see an ism that is dual you will see one of these two endings and from there you can work out that one is rafa the other is possibly nasa or jar the steps for converting single asm to dual is very simple let's take look again at the word muslim what we need to do to convert it to muslimani very simple step for all isms is the first thing you do is you put fatha on the last letter so whatever the last letter is you'll put fat on it and then you will add the suffix the alif and the noon the noon with the kasra and that will give you the ani sound which is your rafa sound for duo muslimani this is the rougher sound for duel only two steps fatha on the last letter and the alif and the noon with the kasra at the end and this is the rafa ending muslimani now for making the nasa or the jar version again the steps are very very simple you go to the last letter of the word in this case muslim you put fatha on the last letter and then you add the suffix ya with sukun noon with kasra and you end up with muslimani and of course this is used for both nasab or jar again very simple steps to convert singular word to rapha singular word to nasa or version these are the only two endings that you will see on word which is dual or dual ism in arabic so for practice let's take look at another word masjid masjid means mosque but want two mosques so how do do that in arabic of course in the rafa will add ani will end up with masjidan and in the nasa above the jar version end up with masjid ini again hope you can see is very very simple steps all i'm doing is adding the suffix fatha alif and noon are right at the end of the word and i've got two mosques in the rafa and i've got two mosques in the nasa benjar with fathaiya and noon as in kasra very simple step let's take another word madrasa madrasa means cool and again want to put that in the rafa version i'm sure you know that the word madrasa is feminine so how do do that again very simple had the same suffix ani at the end the only thing to note is that this cannot be the time our buddha because it is only written at the end of word so you write the normal tie here which you can see so again end up with the same ending madrasatani and of course for the nasa and jar madras two schools again the rubes steps are exactly the same as the masculine or the feminine except that if you know you have tamar buddha at the end you have to convert it to normal because only comes to the end and that's enough you need to know about how to convert any singular ism that is that has dual of course you can convert it in this way two very simple steps quick exercise for you what i'd like you to do is take these four words and form the dual versions for them again in the first box you put the rougher version in the second box the nasa and the third box the jar again go across for each of the four words that are on the screen using the step that shared with you earlier please note as am very much aware that the nasa bender jar is exactly the same yet want you to write it twice because want you to get used to the idea that is used for both pause the video complete the task before continuing hope you've done it let's do the work exercise together and this will reinforce it in your mind please again if you have notebook in front of your pencil or pen write it out with me as well for second practice insha allah so let's go to the first word the first word is which is student so let's put that in the in the rafa status so we have the word talib and want to make it into dual simple put fat on the last letter alif and the noon and again in the nasa vendor version again i'll write the third one down which is in the jar status ali bayini very very simple steps hope you can see next we have pauli batun which is the feminine version female student want to make that into the rougher status and duel so again the talmud which is at the end will be converted to the normal ta then the alif and the noon so ali bhattani as hope you can see very very easily inshallah tala for the nasa version exactly the same step as to the third one which is the jar status hope you're writing these down inshallah otherwise it will not stick you'll just watch it on tv on your screen and then forget it as soon as the lesson has completed then we have color but want don't want one pen want two pens so how do say two pens in the rougher status will put the ending again at the end olamani hope this is easy inshallah by now and then the other two hola maini the last word have ayah ayah means of course an unit of quran it can also mean sine and miracle want two so how do do that exactly the same principle before the third will be converted very easy hope you can see and then the last word so it's exactly the same in another nasa bin jar form again just very easy inshallah tala with any ism that is dual these are the two endings that you will see one for rafa and one for nasa or jar let's quickly find let's do final exercise i'll do it with you inshaallah we have the famous sentence gave salam to teacher so how do say get two teachers came saw two teachers gave salam to two teachers which are who are male so we'll do the feminine later inshallah so we have the word mualim let me enlarge it so you can see little bit better inshallah mualim but it's not good enough need ja and he's got to be rafa why because the doer so ali mani two teachers came want to say saw two teachers so it has to be my in it has to be nasa why because it's the object in this case give salam to two teachers because it's coming after the word allah it has to be in the jar status saw female teacher hope you know how what the how the what is happening in these sentences already if you don't please go back to the previous lessons next example we will do is female teacher want to say female teacher came saw female teacher gave salaam to female teacher sallam to allah now instead of saying teacher want to say two teachers so how do do that two female teachers will say ja at now again it needs to be dual and rapha so what do do saw two female teachers will be why because it has to be nasa why because it is the object and salaam to allah give salaam to two female teachers has to be in the jar version and the version is the same so you can see here how do tell which one is nasa which one jar it depends on the role in the sentence in the second sentence brought eye to eye so so it's the object it has to be nasa and the third one is coming after words like allah so it has to be jar and that's how you tell the difference with that it is in context so again alhamdulillah we have now practiced the sentences and we've seen the three different eras live and we've seen that how to convert them is very very easy before we conclude our discussion on duels just want to demonstrate to you that whatever we are learning is practical and we're going to come across it in the quran now i'd like you to take look at these three ayat from quran that have taken from surah balad hope you can recognize some maybe though had themselves but please look through every single word see if you can recognize anything that you already learned with me so far you should be able to recognize some dual ending so take very close look and come back inshallah tala and we have look at the ayat ins themselves in the first ayah that we have here you will note that we have here nine hope you can recognize what that is let me highlight that the ending for you and then in the next ioc we have wali sanan again you can see the same ending here also and then you have an again you can see the ending that we've been practicing so far so you can see very beautifully three examples where tools are used in the quran so let's take quick look at the translation of the ayah that we have seen in front of us again inshallah very soon you should be able to start recognizing parts of the ayat and translating for yourself first ayah that we have is have we not made for him two eyes walisanan and we have shown him and najdan the two ways so you can see the dual forms alhamdulillah in the three examples that put in front of your screen for you so very soon it is recognition and then inshaallah the vocabulary you will be able to pick up as we go through last example let's take look at this one from surah rahman ayah number 46. what do we read here waliman jannatan hope you can see very clearly that it means two gardens channa one jannatan two of course referring to paradise here so what is the message of the ayah for you and me number one for you and so far we can see that at least we can recognize the dual at the end but the message is very beautiful allah is telling us for him who feareth the standing before his lord there are two paradises two gardens subhanallah one would be enough with allah's mercy but the one who fears allah the one who fears the accountability the one who fears standing in front of allah subhanahu wa ta'ala on the day of grand accountability and then he fixes his dunya in line with what is going to happen in the akhirah for him or her that is two gardens subhanallah may allah make us worthy and give us all ability to develop in our hearts the consciousness in our mind that we are going to meet allah subhanahu wa ta'ala and to correct our worldly affairs so that we can stand in front of allah and also follow the path of guidance so that we know that on the day of judgment we will be held accountable and it is this attitude in life that is required in order to get two gardens two paradises and allah's promise is true may allah forgive us have mercy upon us may allah grant us all the fear of allah or the meeting of allah azzawajal on the day and correct our dunya honest